Highway paving construction



Feb. 28, 1939. c. w ozlAs HIGHWAY PAVING CONSTRUCTION- Filed Sept. 30, 1935 Patented Feb. 2s, 1939 2,148,773

UNlTED STATES FAT-ENT OFFMIE.

HIGHWAY PAVING CONSTRUCTION f Clifford W. Ozias, Columbus, Ohio Application September 30, 1935, Serial No. 42,851

Claims. (Cl. Bile-33) This invention relates to improvements in the paving 3, the shoulder portions of the Vhighway construction and formation of highway paving 'seing indicated at 4. and the object of the invention resides in the pro- Instead of forming the upper or traction survision of improved means for draining moisture face of the paving 3 so that it is either convex and water from monolithic highway pavement by or approximately flat or horizontal, the paving providing for the flow of such water or moisture in this instance is formed to include downwardly toward the center of the pavement andaway and inwardly inclined surfaces 5 which have from the outer longitudinal edgesr thereof, the their lowest points in the center of the paving, center of the pavement being provided at longiwhereby to provide for the drainage of moisture y tudinal intervals with appropriate drains or outor water from the outer or shoulder engaging i lets, leading to underground ducts, by which waportions of the paving toward the longitudinal ter, drained from the upper surface of the pave- Center of the latter. ment, is led to suitabley points of discharge. To remove water from the center of the paving,

The ordinary concrete highway pavement usuthe latter is provided at spaced longitudinal inally possesses a crowned or convexed traction tervals with vertical drain conduits 6. The lower "U3 surface which in use causes rain or moisture conportions of these conduits communicate with lontacting the same to flow Atoward the outer longigitudinally extending open joint tiles 'l positioned tudinal edges or shoulder portions of the highway in a central ditch toward which the upper surpaving. This water or moisture thentends to faces of the channel 2 slope. The tiles 'l may seep downwardly at the outer edges of the paving be connected at intervals with transverse tiles 20 and, apparently through capillary action, pene- 8 leading to culverts, ditches or other points of trates under the lower surface ofthe pavement, liquid disposal remote from the highway paving. so that in the event the water or moisture freezes, By this construction, water striking the highway expanding pressures result which frequently is positively conveyed toward the center thereof crack or disrupt the paving. and away from its outer longitudinal edges. This 25 These objections, among others, are avoided by prevents the water from seeping downwardly bethe present invention by forming the highway tween the Outer vertical edges of the paving and paving so that the latter slopes downwardly and the adjoining shoulder portions of the highway. inwardly fromits outer longitudinal edges to sub- I have observed that in ordinary highway con- 3 stantially the central portion thereof, enabling struction, a 'very considerable portion of the 30 water which engages the upper surface of the water nds its way beneath the paving with the pavement t0 110W toward the center 0f the latter result that the soil bed is weakened, or the water and then be readily removed through appropriate freezes with resultant injury t0 the usefulness drains, thus specically preventing the accumuof the paving.

lation and pocket-ing of moisture and liquid be- Therefore, the important feature of the present 35 low the under surface of the paving and the forinvention resides in forming the upper Surface mation of destructive forces, of a highway, street or other thoroughfare so For a further understanding of the invention, that its lowest point is in the center of the pavreference is to be had to the accompanying drawing. By this formation. the Water iS @Onveyed ing, wherein; away from the outer longitudinal edges of the 40 Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a paved highway Paving and delivered to suitable drains for conformed in accordance with the present invention; motion t0 Temfte Points Where the Water 031111013 Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse sectional view taklmure the pavmg' en through the highway and disclosing more par- I am aware of the fact that roadways 115W@ ticularly the downwardly and inwardly inclined been suggested. heretofore .ha'vmg nat upper sul" 45 surfaces of the monolithic paving of the high faces with drains located 1n the centers thereof,

way and an associated centrally disposed drain' y but so far as I am aware it is novel in the art of road buildin to reverse] incli e Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view on the g y n the upper surfaces of the paving to cause positive draina e Plane mdlcated by the 11H9 III-m 0f F1g- 2- of water toward the lower central region thereogf; 50

Referring more Particularly t0 the drawing, the whereby to deliver such water to underground numeral l designates the SOil hed Of the highway longitudinally extending conduits disposed bepaving, the bed l being channeled as at 2 to proneath the central longitudinal regions of the vide for the reception of the concrete or other pavement and leading to appropriate points of hard surface forming materials comprising the water disposal. Any water which may collect 55 around the vertical drains 6 or below the center of the pavement will find its way into the open joints of the longitudinally extending tile by the presence f the pervious longitudinal bed of loose rock or other material 9. Suitable perforate cover plates ID are provided in the upper surface of the highwayfor closing or screening the open upper ends of the vertical drains 6.

In view of the foregoing, it will be seen that the present invention provides a properly and efliciently drained highway and one of long life and durability. The angle of slope of the traction surface is not critical but merely suflicient to cause positive movement of the water toward the center of the roadway.

What is claimed is:

1. A roadway comprising a channel-shaped road bed provided adjacent its center with a longitudinally extending ditch, the bottom surface of said road bed sloping slightly toward said ditch, an open-joint tile drain positioned in said ditch, a pervious filling material positioned in said ditch above said tile drain, a concrete paving of substantially uniform thickness positioned in said channel-shaped road bed, and spaced vertically extending drains leading from the center of said paving to the drain positioned in said ditch.

2. A roadway comprising a channel-shaped road bed provided intermediate its width with a v longitudinally extending ditch, the bottom of said road bed being inclined from the sides toward said ditch, an open joint tile drain positioned in said ditch, a pervious filling material positioned in said ditch above said drain, a concrete paving of substantially uniform thickness positioned in said channel-shaped road bed, and spaced vertically extending drains leading from the center of said paving to the drain positioned in said ditch.

3. In vehicular highway construction, a soil bed having a pavement-receiving channel formed therein, the bottom surfaces of said channel being inwardly and downwardly inclined toward the center thereof and terminating in a longitudinally extending trench coextensive with the length of the channel, said trench containing a water-pervious fllling material, a monolithic pavement lling said channel, said pavement having its upper surfaces inwardly and downwardly inclined from the outer shoulder edges thereof, a drain conduit arranged longitudinally in the bottom of said trench and coextensive with the latter, said conduit being disposed below and spaced from said pavement, and longitudinally spaced vertical drains disposed intermediately of the width of said pavement for conducting water from the intermediate longitudinal area of said pavement to said drain conduit.

4. The structure as specied in claim 3 and wherein the longitudinally extending trench has the upper region thereof terminated immediately below said pavement to directly receive subsurface water draining inwardly'between the lower surfaces of said pavement and the inclined adjoining surfaces of the soil bed.

5. In vehicular highway construction, a soil bed having a pavement-receiving channel formed therein, the bottom surfaces of said channel being inwardly and downwardly inclined toward the center thereof and terminating in a longitudinally extending trench coextensive with the length of the channel, said trench containing a water pervious filling material, a monolithic pavement lling said channel, said pavement having its upper surfaces inwardly and downwardly inclined from the outer shoulder edges thereof, an open-joint tile conduit arranged longitudinally in the bottom of said trench and coextensive with the latter, and longitudinally spaced vertical drains for conducting water from the upper surfaces of said pavement to said conduit, theinclined bottom surfaces of Asaid channel providing for the drainage of water accumulating in said bed immediately beneath said pavement into said trench and conduit.

CLIFFORD W. OZIAS. 

